Politics
KAUST promotes the use of mangrove forests for carbon sequestration
Mangrove trees are among the plants that have lived on this land and survived the harshest environmental conditions for millions of years. This is due to
Mangrove trees are plants that have lived on this earth and survived the harshest environmental conditions for millions of years. This is due to their ability to live in water with a salinity more than 100 times that which other plants can tolerate. Their seeds can float on the surface of the water for months before they take root, and a single seed can form an entire colony and create a complete ecosystem that provides food and shelter for many animals, including birds, crabs, lizards, shrimp, mollusks, snails, and fish.
Blue carbon sinks
Interest in mangrove trees has increased over the past decades due to their significant and important role in combating climate change. Dr. Mohammed Omar, Director of Environmental Protection in the Health, Safety and Environment Department at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), says: “KAUST is home to a mangrove forest that extends over 110 hectares and includes a nature reserve designated by the university. Compared to other forests on land, the branching roots of mangrove trees provide a great opportunity to sequester and store carbon underground.”.
Professor Carlos Duarte, Distinguished Professor at KAUST, adds: “Mangrove forests are among the most carbon-dense sinks in the biosphere, locking up more carbon in their soil than tropical forests. However, when they are disturbed, this carbon in the soil can be released as carbon dioxide, which makes it imperative for us to protect them and restore the lost forests.”.
It is worth noting that mangrove trees are referred to as blue carbon basins because of their association with coastal areas, as the word “blue” is inspired by water, unlike “green” carbon, which is associated with wild trees on land.
Efforts to support mangrove trees at KAUST
Preserving and enhancing mangrove forests has been a key part of KAUST’s direction and mission since its opening, and this is evident in one of the Winter Enrichment Program events (WEP 2022) when a mangrove tree planting event was organized in the KAUST Nature Reserve; with the aim of raising awareness of the negative environmental impact of carbon emissions associated with transportation and travel systems.
Professor Peng Hong, a professor at KAUST and head of the Winter Enrichment Program (Web 2022), says: “Each year, the Web program aims to provide activities and events to enrich our students. These activities include hosting world-renowned speakers to visit the university campus from around the world, which increases the university’s carbon footprint, especially considering the distance traveled by all Web program guests and speakers, which the university’s Health, Safety and Environment Department estimated at around 200,000 kilometers for this year.”.
After calculating the carbon emissions from traveling these long distances, the Webb team, in collaboration with the university’s Health, Safety and Environment and Facilities Management (and Horticulture) departments, decided to organize an event to plant more than 200 mangrove trees, not only to offset these emissions, but also to raise awareness of the ability of these wonderful plants to sequester and store carbon.
On the other hand, KAUST's mangrove conservation efforts have revealed how quickly and effectively mangrove colonies can expand when properly conserved. Dr. Omar says, "Our mangrove forests grew by about 45% between 2005 and 2020. This remarkable growth is a combination of natural colonization, replanting efforts, and impactful environmental policy interventions.".
The future of mangroves
Planting and restoring mangrove trees is a cost-effective way to increase our carbon sequestration capacity, especially if it is properly planned and implemented, as is the case at KAUST. “Planting mangrove trees in this case is more beneficial than planting wild trees, which require freshwater irrigation,” says Hong. “Mangroves do not need irrigation because they are planted directly in coastal areas of the sea.”.
Today, many communities and countries around the world are embracing mangrove restoration efforts as an effective and sustainable natural way to reduce their carbon footprint. Duarte says, “Mangroves are one way to achieve our carbon mitigation goals, not only because they sequester carbon, but also because they provide enormous benefits for coastal protection and fisheries enhancement. Over the past decade, awareness of blue carbon, and specifically the role of mangrove forests, has increased. This awareness must continue among policymakers and the general public to encourage participation in and adoption of mangrove protection and development projects.”.
Politics
The Crown Prince receives a message from the President of Kazakhstan to enhance bilateral cooperation
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman received a written message from the President of Kazakhstan concerning bilateral relations, which was received by Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan in Riyadh.
His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, received an important written message from His Excellency President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The message focused on ways to strengthen and develop the close bilateral relations between the two brotherly countries and to propel them towards broader horizons in various fields.
His Highness Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah, Minister of Foreign Affairs, received the message during his official meeting today at the Ministry's headquarters in Riyadh with His Excellency Yermek Kosherbayev, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan. During the meeting, they reviewed aspects of joint cooperation and ways to enhance them in a manner that serves the interests of both countries and their friendly peoples.
The depth of Saudi-Kazakh relations
This message comes amidst the active diplomatic efforts underway in relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Republic of Kazakhstan, two countries bound by deep-rooted historical ties based on shared values and mutual respect. These relations are gaining increasing importance in light of global geopolitical and economic shifts, as Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia and a key strategic partner for the Kingdom in this vital region.
Prospects for economic and investment cooperation
Economically, the two countries possess tremendous potential for cooperation, particularly in the energy sector. Both Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan are major global oil producers and active members of the OPEC+ alliance, which strengthens their joint coordination to ensure the stability of global energy markets. Furthermore, Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 opens up vast opportunities for mutual investments in mining, infrastructure, food security, and renewable energy, aligning with Kazakhstan's development goals.
The importance of political coordination
On the political front, the exchange of messages between the two leaderships reflects a mutual commitment to continued consultation and coordination on regional and international issues of common interest. The Kingdom plays a pivotal role in promoting stability in the Middle East, while Kazakhstan serves as a vital bridge between Asia and Europe, making the strengthening of their partnership a cornerstone of security and stability in both regions.
The reception was attended on the Saudi side by the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for Political Affairs, Dr. Saud Al-Sati, and the Ambassador of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques to the Republic of Kazakhstan, Faisal Al-Qahtani, reflecting the high-level diplomatic interest in the outcomes of this meeting and the future steps that will result from it to strengthen the strategic partnership.
Politics
New Mexico investigation into Epstein's ranch: details of the historic decision
New Mexico opens a formal investigation into Jeffrey Epstein's Zorro Ranch. Learn about the legislative committee's efforts to uncover human trafficking networks.
In a decisive legal and legislative move, lawmakers in the US state of New Mexico passed new legislation aimed at launching a comprehensive and extensive investigation into the events that transpired behind the walls of Zorro Ranch, the sprawling estate associated with the late disgraced sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. This step comes in response to growing demands from human rights groups and the public for transparency regarding the network Epstein operated in secrecy.
Bipartisan fact-finding committee
Under the new legislation, a special bipartisan commission will be formed in the state legislature. This commission will have broad powers to gather evidence, subpoena witnesses, and, most importantly, provide a secure platform for survivors to testify about the egregious abuse they suffered at the ranch. The ranch is located in a remote area about 48 kilometers south of Santa Fe, which for many years kept it largely out of scrutiny.
"Zorro Ranch": The Mysterious Castle
This ranch holds particular significance in the context of federal and local investigations, as it spans thousands of acres and includes a sprawling mansion and a private airstrip. The property has long been suspected of being a major hub for the human trafficking operations with which Epstein was accused. This move is the first of its kind at the state level to directly target activities that took place on the property, aiming to determine whether local individuals or others facilitated or covered up these crimes.
A complex historical and legal context
This investigation comes at a time when the Jeffrey Epstein case continues to generate widespread international controversy, particularly following his death in his Manhattan jail cell in 2019, officially ruled a suicide. This effectively prevented a trial that would have revealed many secrets. However, the recent release of court documents related to Virginia Giuffre's lawsuit against Epstein's associate, Ghislaine Maxwell, has brought the case back into sharp focus, revealing a vast network of connections involving politicians, financiers, and celebrities.
The importance of the investigation and its expected impact
Observers believe the New Mexico investigation holds immense symbolic and legal significance. It not only seeks to hold accountable potential perpetrators who may have escaped federal scrutiny, but also aims to close the legal loopholes that allowed these abuses to continue for years. Furthermore, the investigation sends a powerful message of support to the victims, affirming that justice does not expire and that the death of the main suspect does not mean the case is closed as long as there are survivors demanding their rights.
Politics
Saudi Arabia and seven other countries condemn the escalation of settlement activity in the West Bank
Saudi Arabia and seven other countries issued a joint statement condemning Israel's classification of lands in the West Bank as "state lands," warning of the undermining of the two-state solution and calling for urgent international intervention.
In a unified diplomatic move reflecting the seriousness of the situation in the occupied Palestinian territories, the foreign ministers of eight countries – the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, the State of Qatar, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Turkey, the Republic of Indonesia, and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan – issued a joint statement expressing their strong condemnation of the recent Israeli decisions concerning the Palestinian territories.
Unprecedented escalation of settlement activity since 1967
The ministers condemned in the strongest terms Israel’s move to designate large areas of land in the occupied West Bank as “state land.” The statement noted that these actions include approving the commencement of land registration and settlement procedures, a dangerous step being taken for the first time since the occupation of the West Bank in 1967. The ministers considered this move a flagrant violation of international law and an escalation aimed at legitimizing and expanding settlements at the expense of the rights of the Palestinian people.
Violation of international laws and resolutions
The joint statement affirmed that these measures fundamentally violate international humanitarian law, specifically the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits an occupying power from transferring its own population into the territory it occupies or altering its geographic and demographic character. The ministers also stressed that these practices constitute a blatant challenge to relevant UN Security Council resolutions, foremost among them Resolution 2334, which affirms the illegality of settlements in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, including East Jerusalem.
In a related context, the ministers pointed out that the Israeli decision contradicts the advisory opinion issued by the International Court of Justice, which clarified the legal implications of Israeli policies, stressing the illegality of any measures aimed at changing the historical and legal status of the occupied territory, and the need to end the occupation and prohibit the seizure of land by military force.
Risks of undermining the two-state solution
The foreign ministers of the eight countries warned of the political and security repercussions of these steps, emphasizing that they aim to impose a new administrative and legal reality that entrenches permanent Israeli control. They explained that the continued confiscation of land and the accelerated pace of settlement construction effectively undermine the two-state solution and eliminate any political prospect for the establishment of an independent, viable, and geographically contiguous Palestinian state. They cautioned that these policies pose a real threat to the chances of achieving a just and comprehensive peace in the region and exacerbate tension and instability in the Middle East.
A call for the international community to assume its responsibilities
The ministers concluded their statement with a clear call for the international community to take immediate action and fulfill its legal and moral responsibilities. They demanded decisive and clear steps to halt these ongoing violations and ensure Israel's respect for international law. They reaffirmed their full support for the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, foremost among them their right to self-determination, an end to the occupation, and the establishment of their independent state on the June 4, 1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, as the only way to achieve lasting stability in the region.
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