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The role of science and technology in reducing harm

Throughout history, humankind has distinguished itself through its creative and continuous innovation. They have succeeded in finding ways to solve intractable problems and make life easier

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Throughout history, humans have distinguished themselves through their continuous and creative ingenuity. They have succeeded in finding ways to solve intractable problems and make daily life more enjoyable. This is undoubtedly a positive thing, but we also know that creative inventions can lead to unforeseen problems. The process of innovation is ongoing and never stops, and with the help of science, technology, and human creativity, we can find solutions.

Consider electric cars. The way we drive hasn't changed; instead, there are more drivers on the roads, and the world is increasingly aware of the harmful effects of traditional combustion engines on the environment. For years, car manufacturers have been experimenting and developing new technologies to create fully electric motors. Thanks to years of research and development, electric cars are now a common sight on the roads. We are increasingly finding new ways to manage our lives in ways that are less damaging to the environment than traditional methods of generating energy.

Driving is indispensable, but we needed to develop a more sustainable way to do it. Energy-efficient light bulbs using lead were developed; they are more energy-efficient than traditional filament bulbs, allowing us to continue using electric light with a smaller environmental impact.

This is an example of what is known as "harm reduction." Instead of abandoning technology because of the harm it causes, the concept of "harm reduction" emphasizes the need to review and improve innovation. There are many ways and means to achieve the same goals while minimizing unintended negative impacts.

The concept of "harm reduction" also applies to tobacco. Clearly, the best solution is for everyone to quit smoking. However, a significant number of people still smoke. Science and technology have provided better alternatives for smokers, such as e-cigarettes and tobacco heating systems designed to deliver nicotine without the combustion process of cigarettes.

How does this reduce the harm?

It is the smoke produced by combustion that contains high levels of harmful chemicals linked to smoking-related diseases. By eliminating the combustion agent—and therefore the smoke—scientifically supported alternatives can significantly reduce average levels of harmful chemicals compared to traditional cigarettes. This does not make them risk-free; they still deliver the addictive nicotine, but they offer a better alternative for adults who wish to continue smoking.

Harm reduction technologies are all around us in countless ways, and the drive for improvement and development has served us well in the past. There is no reason why we shouldn't continue to find better alternatives and adopt technologies that mitigate harm.

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Politics

The Saudi leadership congratulates Laura Delgado on becoming President of Costa Rica

The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and the Crown Prince sent congratulatory telegrams to Costa Rican President Laura Fernandez Delgado on the occasion of her election victory, stressing the depth of bilateral relations.

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The Saudi leadership congratulates Laura Delgado on becoming President of Costa Rica

The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, sent congratulatory telegrams to Her Excellency Laura Fernandez Delgado on the occasion of her victory in the presidential elections in the Republic of Costa Rica, in a step that reflects the wise leadership’s keenness to strengthen the bonds of friendship and cooperation with various countries of the world.

In his telegram, the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques expressed his sincerest congratulations and best wishes for success to Her Excellency in her new presidential duties, affirming the Kingdom's keenness to strengthen bilateral relations and wishing the friendly people of Costa Rica further progress, prosperity, and growth. His Royal Highness the Crown Prince also conveyed his heartfelt congratulations to Her Excellency the President-elect in his telegram, wishing her every success in leading her country towards a bright future, and the Costa Rican people continued progress and stability.

Strengthening Saudi-Latin American relations

This congratulatory message comes within the framework of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's diplomatic approach, which is based on building bridges of communication with Latin American countries. Recent years have witnessed a remarkable development in Saudi relations with the countries of the continent. Through its Vision 2030, the Kingdom seeks to diversify its international partnerships and open new horizons for economic and political cooperation, making the relationship with Costa Rica an important milestone in this endeavor, given Costa Rica's political stability and distinguished position in Central America.

Prospects for joint cooperation

The election of Ms. Laura Fernandez Delgado is expected to open new horizons for cooperation between Riyadh and San Jose, particularly in areas where the two countries' interests intersect. Costa Rica is globally recognized for its leadership in ecotourism, sustainability, and nature conservation—areas that the Kingdom prioritizes within its green initiatives and major tourism projects. This convergence of interests creates fertile ground for the exchange of expertise and investments, serving mutual interests and enhancing both countries' presence on the international stage.

These official cables confirm the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s commitment to supporting political stability and democratic processes around the world, and its constant keenness to share the joys and national occasions of friendly countries, which consolidates the Kingdom’s position as a pivotal country that always seeks peace and constructive international cooperation.

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Al-Khuraiji receives the head of British intelligence in Riyadh

Deputy Foreign Minister Waleed Al-Khuraiji receives the head of the British Joint Intelligence Committee, Madeleine Alessandri, in Riyadh to discuss bilateral relations and regional developments.

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Al-Khuraiji receives the head of British intelligence in Riyadh

His Excellency the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Engineer Waleed bin Abdulkarim Al-Khuraiji, received today at the Ministry’s headquarters in Riyadh, the Chair of the Joint Intelligence Committee in the United Kingdom, Ms. Madeleine Alessandri, as part of strengthening diplomatic and security communication channels between the two kingdoms.

During the official reception, the two sides reviewed the strong and historic bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom and discussed ways to enhance them in various fields to serve the interests of both friendly nations. They also discussed at length the most prominent developments and current events on the regional and international scenes, exchanged views on issues of common interest, and addressed diplomatic and security efforts aimed at achieving international peace and stability.

The meeting was attended by the United Kingdom’s Ambassador to the Kingdom, Mr. Stephen Charles Hitchin, reflecting the high importance that both sides attach to this meeting.

The depth of Saudi-British relations

This visit comes within the framework of the deep strategic partnership between Riyadh and London, which spans decades of fruitful cooperation. The United Kingdom is a key partner of Saudi Arabia on numerous vital issues, particularly in the areas of defense, security, and counterterrorism, in addition to growing economic partnerships under the Kingdom's Vision 2030. Such high-level meetings underscore the continued joint coordination to address the security challenges facing the region and the world.

The importance of intelligence and security coordination

The meeting between the Deputy Foreign Minister and the Chair of the UK's Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) is particularly significant at this time, given the pivotal role of accurate intelligence in shaping political and strategic decisions. The JIC is a central body responsible for providing intelligence assessments to the Prime Minister and the National Security Council, making discussions with its chair particularly important for exchanging views on regional security threats.

The Kingdom's role in regional stability

This meeting reflects the leading role played by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a cornerstone of stability in the Middle East. Through its proactive diplomacy, the Kingdom consistently seeks to build bridges of cooperation with influential international powers such as the United Kingdom, to ensure the security of waterways, combat extremism, and find political solutions to the region's escalating crises, thereby sparing people the ravages of conflict and fostering opportunities for development and prosperity.

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The truth about the killing of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi and the clashes at the Hamada oil field

Details of the conflicting reports about the killing of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi in clashes near the Hamada field, and the denial of fighting by Brigade 444, along with a review of its history and the impact of the news on Libya.

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The truth about the killing of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi and the clashes at the Hamada oil field

A state of uncertainty and anticipation prevailed in Libya in recent hours following widespread reports of the death of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, son of the late Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. Saif al-Islam's political team announced his death, stating that it occurred during fierce armed clashes near the Hamada oil field. This sparked a wave of controversy and questions about the fate of one of the most prominent and controversial figures in the current Libyan political landscape.

Details of the incident and the denial by Brigade 444

Local media in western Libya confirmed the news, reporting that Saif al-Islam was killed during clashes with forces affiliated with the 444th Brigade. Amid these rapidly unfolding events, the 444th Brigade issued an official statement categorically denying any involvement in the alleged clashes or the reports circulating about the death of Gaddafi's son, further clouding the situation. Other reports suggested he may have been assassinated under mysterious circumstances south of Zintan, the stronghold that sheltered him for many years after the fall of his father's regime.

Saif al-Islam: From Reform Project to Persecution

To understand the dimensions of this event, it is necessary to go back a little. Saif al-Islam Gaddafi was born on June 5, 1972, and played a pivotal role in Libyan politics before the events of 2011. Despite not holding an official position, he was seen as the reformist face of the regime, as he led the “Libya of Tomorrow” project and oversaw sensitive files, including settling the issue of weapons of mass destruction and negotiations with the West, as well as his role in releasing Islamist detainees.

The complex legal and political path

Following the fall of his father's regime, Saif al-Islam was captured by the Zintan brigades in November 2011 and remained imprisoned there for years. He faced death sentences from a court in Tripoli and is still wanted by the International Criminal Court on charges of crimes against humanity. However, he reappeared publicly in recent years, taking advantage of a general amnesty law, and submitted his candidacy for the presidential elections scheduled for December 2021, thus reshuffling the political landscape in the country.

Potential repercussions of the event on the Libyan scene

If the reports of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi's death are definitively confirmed, it will represent a political earthquake in Libya. Saif al-Islam enjoys the support of a significant segment of the former regime's loyalists (the Green Movement) and some tribes, and was considered a key player in the national reconciliation process. His absence from the scene could lead to a political vacuum within this movement, potentially opening the door to a new wave of violence or reprisals, thus complicating international and UN efforts to unify Libyan institutions and hold comprehensive elections to end the long transitional period.

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